Simulation Study on Airflow Organization and Environment in Reconstructed Fangcang Shelter Hospital Based on CFD

With frequent outbreaks of COVID-19, the rapid and effective construction of large-space buildings into Fangcang shelter hospitals has gradually become one of the effective means to control the epidemic. Reasonable design of the ventilation system of the Fangcang shelter hospital can optimize the indoor airflow organization, so that the internal environment can meet the comfort of patients and at the same time can effectively discharge pollutants, which is particularly important for the establishment of the Fangcang shelter hospital. In this paper, through the reconstruction of a large-space gymnasium, CFD software is used to simulate the living environment and pollutant emission efficiency of the reconstructed Fangcang shelter hospital in summer under different air supply temperatures, air supply heights and exhaust air volume parameters. The results show that when the air supply parameters are set to an air supply height of 4.5 m, an air supply temperature of 18 °C, and an exhaust air volume of a single bed of 150 m3/h, the thermal comfort can reach level I, and the ventilation efficiency for pollutants can reach 69.6%. In addition, the ventilation efficiency is 70.1% and 70.3% when the exhaust air volume of a single bed is continuously increased to 200 and 250 m3/h, which can no longer effectively improve the pollutant emission and will cause an uncomfortable blowing feeling to patients. © 2023 by the authors.

Under the Risk of COVID-19 Epidemic: A Study on the Influence of Life Attitudes, Leisure Sports Values, and Workplace Risk Perceptions on Urban Development and Public Well-Being

This study examined the impact of attitudes toward life, recreational sports values, and workplace risk perceptions on urban development and public well-being under the risk of the COVID-19 epidemic in China. A mixed-method research study was conducted, and 2400 valid questionnaires were collected via purposeful sampling. The questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 statistical software and validated with basic statistical methods and Pearson's correlation analysis. Semi-structured interviews were then conducted to collect the opinions of 12 respondents on the questionnaire results, including academics, foreign entrepreneurs and employees, local entrepreneurs and employees, and official institutions. Finally, all the data collected were discussed via triangulation analysis. The survey found that different cities' social and industrial development and job market needs lead to different attitudes toward life, leisure values, and perceptions of job-seeking and employment risks. The smoother a person's growing-up background, the better their learning history, the better their learning and working experience, and the richer their life experience;consequently, positive attitudes toward life, correct leisure values, and positive attitudes toward job hunting and employment can be cultivated. In addition, people with positive attitudes toward life, leisure values, and job hunting and employment can improve their city's economy and environment for sustainable development, thereby improving their quality of life and increasing their well-being.

Study on active compounds from Maxingganshi decoction for treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking method

Aim To explore the active compound of Maxingganshi decoction in treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19). Methods With the help of TCMSP database, the chemical components and action targets of ephedra, almond, licorice, and gypsum in Maxingganshi decoction were searched, and then a C-T network, protein interaction analysis, GO functional enrichment analysis, and KEGG pathway enrichment were constructed. Analysis was performed to predict its mechanism of action. Results A total of 120 compounds in Maxingganshi decoction corresponded to 222 targets. PTGS2, ESR1, PPARG, AR, NOS2, NCOA2 acted on PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathways, etc. The results of molecular docking showed that the affinity of quercetin, kaempferol, glabridin and other core compounds was similar to recommended drugs in treatment of COVID-19. Conclusions The active compounds of Maxingganshi decoction can target multiple pathways to achieve the therapeutic effect of COVID-19.Copyright © 2020 Publication Centre of Anhui Medical University. All rights reserved.

Application of ultrasound-guided peripheral arterial puncture in severe patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 under three-level protection

Objective To explore the application of ultrasound-guided arterial line placement in severe patients with COVID-19. Methods From February to April 2020, we retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinical data of critical patients with COVID-19 with an indwelling peripheral arterial catheter treated by the medical team of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Patients with ultrasound-guided peripheral arterial catheterization were taken as the study group, while patients whose arterial catheter was placed by traditional palpation were taken as the control group. The puncture condition and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 60 severe patients with COVID-19 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. There were 30 cases in the study group and 30 cases in the control group. In the study group, the success rate of the first catheterization of the peripheral artery (63.3% vs. 26.7%) and the total puncture success rate [(79.43+/- 25.79)% vs. (53.07+/-30.21)%] were higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.05), the puncture times(1.43+/-0.56 vs. 2.50+/-1.28) were less than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The rates of 24-hour disuse (6.7% vs. 30.0%), local hematoma (10.0% vs. 36.7%), occlusion, and tortuous (3.3% vs. 40.0%) in the study group were lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Under the three-level protection, ultrasound-guided arterial catheter placement for severe patients with COVID-19 can improve the success rate of catheter placement, reduce puncture times, and reduce the incidence of complications.Copyright © 2021, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.

Epidemiological characteristics of four times of community transmission of COVID-19 in Hebei

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of community transmission of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by four imported cases in Hebei Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of four community-transmitted COVID-19 outbreaks reported in the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021 in Hebei Province. Results From January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021, four community-transmitted COVID-19 outbreaks caused by imported COVID-19 occurred in Hebei Province, respectively related of Hubei (Wuhan) Province, Beijing Xinfadi market, Overseas cases and Ejina banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Total of 1 656 cases (1 420 confirmed cases and 236 asymptomatic cases) were reported, including 375 cases in phase A (From January 22 to April 16, 2020), and phase B (from June 14 to June 24, 2020) 27 cases were reported, with 1 116 cases reported in the third phase (Phase C, January 2 to February 14, 2021), and 138 cases reported in the fourth phase (Phase D, October 23 to November 14, 2021). The 1 656 cases were distributed in 104 counties of 11 districts (100.00%), accounting for 60.46% of the total number of counties in the province. There were 743 male cases and 913 female cases, with a male to female ratio of 0.81:1. The minimum age was 13 days, the maximum age was 94 years old, and the average age (median) was 40.3 years old. The incidence was 64.01% between 30 and 70 years old. Farmers and students accounted for 54.41% and 14.73% of the total cases respectively. Of the 1 420 confirmed cases, 312 were mild cases, accounting for 21.97%;Common type 1 095 cases (77.11%);There was 1 severe case and 12 critical cases, accounting for 0.07% and 0.85%, respectively. 7 patients died from 61.0 to 85.7 years old. The mean (median) time from onset to diagnosis was 1.9 days (0-31 days), and the mean (median) time of hospital stay was 15 days (1.5-56 days). Conclusions Four times in Hebei province COVID-19 outbreak in scale, duration, population, epidemic and type of input source, there are some certain difference, but there are some common characteristics, such as the outbreak occurs mainly during the legal holidays or after starting and spreading epidemic area is mainly in rural areas, aggregation epidemic is the main mode of transmission, etc. To this end, special efforts should be made to strengthen the management of people moving around during holidays, and strengthen the implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures in places with high concentration of people. To prevent the spread of the epidemic, we will step up surveillance in rural areas, farmers' markets, medical workers and other key areas and groups, and ensure early detection and timely response.Copyright © 2022 China Tropical Medicine. All rights reserved.

dbSCI: A manually curated database of SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors forCOVID-19 br

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen of the ongoing coronavirusdisease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. Here, by centralizing published cell-based experiments, clinical trials, andvirtual drug screening data from the NCBI PubMed database, we developed a database of SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors forCOVID-19, dbSCI, which includes 234 SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors collected from publications based on cell-basedexperiments, 81 drugs of COVID-19 in clinical trials and 1305 potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors from bioinformaticsanalyses. dbSCI provides four major functions: (1) search the drug target or its inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2, (2) browsetarget/inhibitor information collected from cell experiments, clinical trials, and virtual drug screenings, (3) download,and (4) submit data. Each entry in dbSCI contains 18 types of information, including inhibitor/drug name, targetingprotein, mechanism of inhibition, experimental technique, experimental sample type, and reference information. Insummary, dbSCI provides a relatively comprehensive, credible repository for inhibitors/drugs against SARS-CoV-2and their potential targeting mechanisms and it will be valuable for further studies to control COVID-19

Multimodal negative sentiment recognition of online public opinion on public health emergencies based on graph convolutional networks and ensemble learning

To improve the effect of multimodal negative sentiment recognition of online public opinion on public health emergencies, we constructed a novel multimodal fine-grained negative sentiment recognition model based on graph convolutional networks (GCN) and ensemble learning. This model comprises BERT and ViT-based multimodal feature representation, GCN-based feature fusion, multiple classifiers, and ensemble learning-based decision fusion. Firstly, the image-text data about COVID-19 is collected from Sina Weibo, and the text and image features are extracted through BERT and ViT, respectively. Secondly, the image-text fused features are generated through GCN in the constructed microblog graph. Finally, AdaBoost is trained to decide the final sentiments recognized by the best classifiers in image, text, and image-text fused features. The results show that the F1-score of this model is 84.13% in sentiment polarity recognition and 82.06% in fine-grained negative sentiment recognition, improved by 4.13% and 7.55% compared to the optimal recognition effect of image-text feature fusion, respectively. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

A new autophagy-driven protective pathway of Haematococcus astaxanthin against chemical damage in wistar rats with gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury

Astaxanthin was established to conserve kidney function and subcellular structure through anti-oxidation and/or the free radical scavenging system, yet little research linked a new protective effect to autophagy or lysosomes. We pre-fed Wistar rats with natural astaxanthin, β-carotene, or placebo and induced acute kidney injury using gentamicin, before examining renal tissues and measuring physiological indices. Qualitative evidence from histopathological and subcellular images, along with quantitative evidence showing treatment effects on blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (p < 0.01), indicated that esterified Haematococcus astaxanthin surpassed β-carotene at effectively counteracting chemical damage and protecting the kidneys from injury. Proliferation of enlarged lysosomes and mediation analysis results revealing enhanced lysosomal acid phosphatase activity were consistent with the hypothesized autophagy-lysosomal pathway being up-regulated by astaxanthin intake (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the protective effect of astaxanthin against acute kidney injury exerted through the autophagy-lysosomal detoxification pathway, which totally different from the anti-oxidation and/or conventional SOD-dependent free radical scavenging system, was demonstrated with strong evidence. In light of the pandemic outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia associated with a virus preferentially targeting the renal tubular cells, dietary astaxanthin may help bring down incidence rate of coronavirus disease, cases of acute kidney injury secondary to the disease, and mortality rate from acute kidney injury, especially when a standard of care treatment for the infectious disease is pending. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

Analysis of adverse reactions of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019.

Objective: To explore the occurrence of adverse reactions of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Method(s): The medical records of patients with COVID-19 who received LPV/r treatment in the Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning from January 24th to February 6th, 2020 were collected and the occurrence of adverse events during the treatment was retrospectively analyzed. According to the 5 principles of adverse drug reaction correlation evaluation proposed in the Handbook of Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Monitoring in China, adverse events that were certainly related, probably related, and possibly related to LPV/r were defined as LPV/r-related adverse reactions. The incidence of adverse reactions was calculated and the main clinical manifestations and severity of adverse reactions [grade 1 (mild), grade 2 (moderate), grade 3 (severe), grade 4 (life-threatening), and grade 5 (death);grade 3-5 was defined as severe adverse reaction] were analyzed. Result(s): A total of 28 patients were enrolled in the analysis, including 13 males and 15 females, aged from 18 to 70 years with an average age of 44 years. The courses of treatment with LPV/r of patients ranged from 2 to 12 days, with a median course of 6 days. Of the 28 patients, 18 developed LPV/r related adverse reactions, with an incidence of 64.3%. The LPV/r-related adverse reactions in 18 patients included gastrointestinal reactions in 14 patients (grade 1 in 13 patients and grade 2 in 1 patient), bradycardia in 2 patients (grade 2 in both patients), and acute hemolysis in 1 patient (grade 3), and liver injury in 1 patient (grade 3), and no grade 4 or 5 adverse reactions occurred. The incidence of severe adverse reactions was 7.1%. Thirteen patients with grade 1 adverse reactions did not affect the treatment, and the symptoms were relieved after 2-7 days of continuous medication. LPV/r was discontinued in 5 patients with grade 2 or 3 adverse reactions, 4 of whom received symptomatic treatment, and the symptoms disappeared 2-10 days later. Conclusion(s): The incidence of adverse reactions in COVID-19 patients treated with LPV/r in our hospital was 64.3%. LPV/r mainly leads to mild gastrointestinal reactions and can also lead to bradycardia, acute hemolysis, and liver injury. Blood routine, liver function, and electrocardiogram need to be monitored during the treatment.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.

International Workshop on Learning with Knowledge Graphs: Construction, Embedding, and Reasoning

A knowledge graph (KG) consists of numerous triples, in which each triple, i.e., (head entity, relation, tail entity), denotes a real-world assertion. Many large-scale KGs have been developed, e.g., general-purpose KGs Freebase and YAGO. Also, lots of domain-specific KGs are emerging, e.g., COVID-19 KGs, biomedical KGs, and agricultural KGs. By embedding KGs into low-dimensional vectors, i.e., representations of entities and relations, we could integrate KGs into machine learning models and enhance the performance of many prediction tasks, including search, recommendations, and question answering. During the construction, refinement, embedding, and application of KGs, a variety of KG learning algorithms have been developed to handle challenges in various real-world scenarios. Moreover, graph neural networks have also brought new opportunities to KG learning. This workshop aims to engage with active researchers from KG communities, recommendation communities, natural language processing communities, and other communities, and deliver state-of-the-art research insights into the core challenges in KG learning. © 2023 Owner/Author.

Analysis of the current Covid-19 infection and vaccination status in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1

Background: To investigate the common symptoms after Covid-19 infection, characteristics of adverse events after vaccination, changes in clinical manifestations related to Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), as well as the current vaccination status and factors related to vaccine hesitation among NF1 patients, in order to provide a basis for scientific protection and vaccine acceptance in NF1 individuals in the new phase of pandemic management. Method(s): From December 29, 2022, to January 10, 2023, we conducted a self-assessment questionnaire survey among diagnosed NF1 patients. General data were provided including sex, age, main clinical presentations, and current treatment. This study mainly focused on the infection and vaccination status of Covid-19 among these patients with NF1. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS26.0 software. Result(s): Of the 250 questionnaires distributed, 226 were valid. Among the 164 patients (72.6%) with Covid-19 infection, the most common infection symptoms and incidence of patients were not significantly different from those in the normal population (P>0.05), but the incidence of symptoms such as nasal congestion, headache, myalgia, sore throat, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and eye discomfort was higher than that in the normal population (P<0.05), and no severe infection was observed;186 patients (82.3%) had completed the Covid-19 vaccination, and more than half of those who were not vaccinated had no plans for vaccination. Among the vaccinated patients, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events, such as fever, pain, redness, and swelling at the injection site after vaccination, compared to the normal population (P>0.05), but the incidence of fatigue and headache was higher in NF1 patients (P<0.001). Most patients with NF1 believe that there is no significant progressive change in NF1-related clinical manifestations after Covid-19 infection and vaccination. Conclusion(s): Currently, some NF1 patients appear to be worried about the evolution of their disease after Covid-19 infection in the face of large fluctuations in the pandemic situation, and some patients hesitate to receive the vaccine due to their special disease condition. Thus, clinical trials should be conducted to develop a refined pandemic response and vaccination program for this special group.Copyright © 2023 China Medical Cosmetology Press Co. Ltd.

Risk and Prevention of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)

Middle East respiratory syndrome, or MERS, is a febrile respiratory disease caused by a new type of coronavirus discovered in September 2012 [1]. On May 23, 2013, the World Health Organization (WHO) named this new type of coronavirus as the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and named the infection caused by MERS-CoV as MERS [2, 3]. © People's Medical Publishing House, PR of China 2021, corrected publication 2021.

Network pharmacology research of mechanism of Maxing Shigan Decoction in treating COVID-19

Background: The COVID-19 has a huge negative impact on people's health. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a good effect on viral pneumonia. It is of great practical significance to study its pharmacology. Methods: The ingredients and targets of each herb in Maxing Shigan Decoction which obtained from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database, and the related targets of COVID-19 were screened by GeneCards database based on the network pharmacology. Venn was used to analyze the intersection target between active ingredients and diseases. Cytoscape software was used to construct an active ingredient-disease target network. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed by STRING database and Cytohubba was used to screen out the key targets. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed by DAVID database. Results: In this study, a total of 134 active ingredients and 229 related targets, 198 targets of COVID-19 and 48 common targets of drug-disease were chosen. Enrichment items and pathways were obtained through GO and KEGG pathway analysis. The predicted active ingredients were quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, naringenin, glycyrol, and the key targets involved IL6, MAPK3, MAPK8, CASP3, IL10, etc. The results showed that the active ingredients of Maxing Shigan Decoction acted on multiple targets which played roles in the treatment of COVID-19 by regulating inflammation, immune system and other pathways. Conclusions: The main contribution of this paper is to use data to mine the principles of the treatment of COVID-19 from the pharmacology of these prescriptions, and the results can be provided theoretical reference for medical workers. © The Author (s) 2023. Published by Higher Education Press.

Virtual grocery shopping intention: an application of the model of goal-directed behaviour

Purpose: Virtual grocery shopping (VGS), or online grocery shopping, traditionally has seen slow adoption in Canada;however, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced consumers to seek safer ways to shop. Retailers have invested in building new infrastructure to meet the current consumer demands for VGS. However, the main driver for VGS behaviour has not been yet clearly identified. Additionally, it is also not unknown whether the shopping modalities will continue VGS after the pandemic. This study provides insights into consumer intentions to use VGS by extending the model of goal-directed behaviour (MGB) to incorporate consumer technological readiness. Design/methodology/approach: The study collected 935 valid survey responses from an online survey panel of Canadian consumers. A two-step approach was applied to analyse the data, comprising confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM). The data quality and model fit were tested before testing the proposed relationships among the constructs: attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, positive and negative anticipated emotions, as well as technological readiness, desire and behaviour intentions. The mediation role of desire between frequency of past online grocery shopping behaviours and the future behavioural intention was also tested using SPSS PROCESS. Findings: The study results showed that attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, positive and negative emotions, technological readiness and frequency of past VGS have a major impact on consumers' desire to embrace VGS in the future. Consumer desire also played a significant mediating role between frequency of past VGS behaviours and future shopping intention online. In addition, the frequency of past VGS showed an even stronger impact on behavioural intention among female consumers than among male consumers. Originality/value: The findings of this study provide an original insight into the social, cultural and psychological factors that impact consumers' use of VGS, particularly the impacts of gender. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Implementation of radiotherapy in a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang province during the epidemic of COVID-19.

Objective: To explore the clinical practice of delivering radiotherapy during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19). Method(s): During this epidemic period, available method including but not limited to: strict disinfection, body temperature monitoring and staff training of relevant knowledge, were used to ensure the safety of radiotherapy treatment. Statistical analysis was performed to study the relevant data including proportion of patients receiving radiotherapy for different purposes, time from scanning to the first time of radiation delivery and degree of satisfaction in the view of staffs and patients, respectively. Result(s): A total of 60 patients received radiation therapy in the department of radiotherapy of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (2020-02-11). Compared with the same period in 2019 (after the Spring Festival), the total number of patients receiving radiotherapy was decreased from 72 to 60(83.3%). Among them, the number of patients receiving palliative radiation therapy decreased significantly, while the proportion of radical, preoperative and/or postoperative radiotherapy/radiochemotherapy did not significantly decrease. There was significant difference between two years (chi2=6.967, P<0.05). The median time for newly admitted patients to receive radiotherapy was two days, which was not significantly longer than the interval in 2019 (P>0.05). Staff and patients were generally satisfied with the current prevention measures. Conclusion(s): Using a variety of prevention and control method, and taking full account of medical safety and patient benefits, radiation-related activities can be carried out during the epidemic.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.

Opportunistic legislation under a natural emergency: Grabbing government power in a democracy during COVID-19

With increasingly frequent emergencies related to pandemics, climate change, or any other as yet unforeseen disaster, it is imperative to develop our understanding of how opportunistic legislation and policy grabs may appear even in democracies. Circumventing a lengthy process of public debate and government regulation, declaration of emergency may be conducive to such opportunism. Underlying mechanisms may involve national interest groups, whereby early in the pandemic a group quickly develops a messaging strategy focused on broad public health concerns. This strategy is then implemented by state affiliates lobbying local officials and mobilizing their supporters to push executive branch officials to effectuate restrictions. We examine state-level abortion restrictions during the outbreak of COVID-19. Our Qualitative Comparative Analyses indicate that at least in the political context of reproductive rights and under the emergency of COVID-19, it was level of emergency, levels of religiosity in the state and Republican dominance in government that strongly predicted the likelihood of opportunistic legislation. © 2023 The Authors. Regulation & Governance published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

Model selection with decision support model for US natural gas consumption forecasting

Reliable prediction of natural gas consumption helps make the right decisions ensuring sustainable economic growth. This problem is addressed here by introducing a hybrid mathematical model defined as the Choquet integral-based model. Model selection is based on decision support model to consider the model performance more comprehensively. Different from the previous literature, we focus on the interaction between models when combine models. This paper adds grey accumulation generating operator to Holt-Winters model to capture more information in time series, and the grey wolf optimizer obtains the associated parameters. The proposed model can deal with seasonal (short-term) variability using season auto-regression moving average computation. Besides, it uses the long short term memory neural network to deal with long-term variability. The effectiveness of the developed model is validated on natural gas consumption due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA. For this, the model is customized using the publicly available datasets relevant to the USA energy sector. The model shows better robustness and outperforms other similar models since it consider the interaction between models. This means that it ensures reliable perdition, taking the highly uncertain factor (e.g., the COVID-19) into account. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

Permutation-based tests for discontinuities in event studies

We propose using a permutation test to detect discontinuities in an underlying economic model at a known cutoff point. Relative to the existing literature, we show that this test is well suited for event studies based on time-series data. The test statistic measures the distance between the empirical distribution functions of observed data in two local subsamples on the two sides of the cutoff. Critical values are computed via a standard permutation algorithm. Under a high-level condition that the observed data can be coupled by a collection of conditionally independent variables, we establish the asymptotic validity of the permutation test, allowing the sizes of the local subsamples to be either be fixed or grow to infinity. In the latter case, we also establish that the permutation test is consistent. We demonstrate that our high-level condition can be verified in a broad range of problems in the infill asymptotic time-series setting, which justifies using the permutation test to detect jumps in economic variables such as volatility, trading activity, and liquidity. These potential applications are illustrated in an empirical case study for selected FOMC announcements during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Copyright © 2023 The Authors.

Study on the improvement of medical service quality in Beijing's Tianqiao Community Health Service Centre

Within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, community-level medical institutions as health service centres have been gaining importance in the medical reform expansion. As prior research has not fully addressed how to index and evaluate the quality of medical service, this article proposes a framework based on the service quality gap theory and the three-faceted "structure-process-outcome"quality evaluation theory. The study took the medical services at Beijing's Tianqiao Community Health Service Centre as an example to construct an index system for medical service quality evaluations. Data was collected from 211 people, and SPSS software was used for data processing and analysis. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, patients without serious diseases tend to choose community hospitals to reduce their infection risk. As a result, they have growing requirements for clinics to have more departments and specialists. The studied community health service centre has encountered difficulties connected to low patient expectations, a poor medical environment, outdated hardware and equipment, and a low level of medical services. Some suggestions have been made to add specialised departments and consider the convenience of medical treatment for the elderly. © 2022 Qiong He et al., published by Sciendo.

Parallel Emergency Management of Incidents by Integrating OODA and PREA Loops: The C2 Mechanism and Modes

Given the differences of command and control (C2) activities between the field command center and the emergency operations center (EOC), this article combined the edge C2 theory with the parallel C2 theory, and proposed a parallel incident C2 mode based on the observe–orient–decide–act (OODA) loop and planning–readiness–execution–assessment (PREA) loop. The aim is to build up a PREA loop-based parallel incident C2 mode and its related operating mechanism of edge empowerment and energy release in parallel incident C2 mode. The parallel incident C2 mode based on the PREA loop and OODA loop supports the co-existence and connection of the two roles of the incident C2 agent at the emergency scene. The two roles are the executive role of emergency response and operation and the command and organization role of the edge emergency system. This article initiates a deep integration of two different C2 process mechanisms in the emergency response and operation process, taking into account the local emergency scene and the global emergency system. Taken together, a key issue has been well addressed regarding the contradiction that the traditional emergency response cannot be reconciled in terms of rapidity and thoroughness. Author